🌟 Key Properties

Nitrogen is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless diatomic gas under standard conditions. It makes up approximately 78% of Earth's atmosphere by volume, making it the most abundant element in the air we breathe. As a member of the pnictogen group (Group 15), nitrogen has five valence electrons and exhibits multiple oxidation states ranging from -3 to +5.

At standard temperature and pressure (STP), nitrogen exists as N₂ molecules with an extremely strong triple bond, making it relatively unreactive despite its abundance. This triple bond (N≡N) is one of the strongest chemical bonds known, with a bond energy of 945 kJ/mol.